Oxidative (H2O2)-, hypoxic (carbonyl-cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP))- and estrogen deprivation with fulvestrant (ICI182780)-induced injury to murine BM stroma resulted in the enhanced outgrowth of co-cultivated BC colonies and activation of TGF-β and TNF-α signaling pathways in murine BM stromal cells. Here, TNF is linked to breast cancer.