Aging and post-menopausal loss of estrogen [224,225] induce a shift to adipose differentiation [199], increased BM adipocyte content [226], increased expression of RANKL [227] and a decreased number of bone-forming osteoblasts [228], all of which contribute to dormant breast cancer cell reawakening, as outlined in Table 3. Here, TNFSF11 is linked to breast carcinoma.