Multiple authors have explored the potential of individual or a panel of miRNA as diagnostic biomarkers in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) (52, 69, 75–84), in general patient cohorts including PMO and idiopathic osteoporosis (85–93) and in specific secondary osteoporosis cases, e.g. severe childhood-onset osteoporosis in patients with mutations in the Plastin 3 (PLS3) gene (94). Here, PLS3 is linked to idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis.