Furthermore, the effect of Chrm1 loss in mouse hippocampus leading to enhanced Atp5A MCs was recapitulated in a pair of post-mortem human hippocampi comparing an AD hippocampus with reduced CHRM1 expression to that of a non-demented individual with normal hippocampal CHRM1 expression (Figure 4). Here, CHRM1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.