Indeed, perivascular CAF-like cells also upregulated mesenchymal progenitor markers CTHRC1 and ISLR (Figure 2D) (Gonzalez et al. 2022), indicating that MSCs may be a source of CAF-like cells in GBM, as previously suggested (Jain et al. 2023). Here, CTHRC1 is linked to glioblastoma.