Besides, microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) could activate the STAT3, mTOR, and ERK1/2 pathways, upregulate the transcription factor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) and promote the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 to suppress the progression of inflammatory bowel disease induced by pathogenic T helper type 1 (Th1) cells (75). Here, IL10 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.