In colorectal carcinoma, TFAP2C enhances the expression of stemness-related factors, such as Nanog homeobox (NANOG), BMI1 proto-oncogene (BMI-1), POU class 5 homeobox 1 (OCT4) and SRY-Box transcription factor (SOX2), and the phenotypes of cancer stem cells. This evidence concerns the gene NANOG and cancer.