TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: In our study, IHC of TNF-α showed an increase in the number of TNF-α-positive hCLS in the HFD-60w-P.g. (+) group, indicating that TNF-α produced from Mφ and hCLS stimulated with P.g. may play an important role in progression of NASH-related nodule formation.