Our current study showed that the small molecule of SHP-1 agonist SC-43 downregulates CSF1R and inhibits STAT3/NFκB signaling pathways, which in turn modulates macrophage survival/polarization, leading to suppressed fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, reduced collagen deposition, and alleviated pulmonary fibrosis. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.