Thus, we developed an AML cell model by culturing readily available human blood–derived monocytes (in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or purified) with an optimized lung component cocktail composed of GM-CSF, TGF-β, IL-10, and Infasurf, a natural bovine-derived surfactant replacement therapeutic that contains phospholipids (26 mg phosphatidylcholine [PC] with 16 mg as desaturated PC), neutral lipids like cholesterol, and 0.7 mg hydrophobic SP-B and SP-C. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and acute myeloid leukemia.