Monocytes cultured in ALL cocktail developed into macrophages that exhibited expression patterns similar to HAM with significant increases in the expression of PPAR-γ, MRC1, MARCO, CES1, MCEMP1, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), DUSP1, CXCL3, PU.1, CXCL5, CD170, and CCL18 and significant decreases in expression of MMP7, MMP9, CD36, CCL22 and CD84 when compared to monocytes that were cultured without lung components and thus differentiated into MDM (Fig. 1B through Q). This evidence concerns the gene DUSP1 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.