G0S2 and achalasia-alacrima syndrome: •DEGs identified in the scRNA-seq dataset were aggregated with DEGs identified by weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of the RNA chip datasets•G0S2 was identified as a diagnostic biomarker for early AAA and HPSE correlated with rupture risk in large AAAs•Immune infiltration analysis of AAA and normal samples using the CIBERSORT algorithm showed T follicular helper (Tfh) cells were overexpressed in AAA, especially in larger sized aneurysms