TLR3 and cancer: Notably, FFAR2-knockout (FFAR2KO) A549 and FFAR2KO H1299 lung cancers exhibited enhanced cancer progression induced by TLR2 or TLR3 stimulation, accompanied by increases in NF-κB, cAMP levels, and the production of C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)2, interleukin (IL)-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 cytokines.