MAFF and COVID-19: Interestingly, the results of our study indicate that DDIT3, MAFF, and PNRC1 are all highly expressed in neutrophils, which strongly supports the importance of DDIT3, MAFF, and PNRC1 in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and provides a new target for the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with immune thrombosis caused by the substantial release of NETs.