Tumors from patients with PC-induced cachexia at diagnosis (n = 13) showed markedly higher expression of S100A8 (P = 0.003) and S100A9 (P < 0.001) compared with tumors of PC patients without cachexia (n = 12; Fig. 3a, b), while S100A8/A9 heterodimer showed no prominent presence in both groups of PC patients and was not further evaluated. The gene discussed is IGKV1D-22; the disease is pachyonychia congenita.