Since hPD-L1 are expressed on tumor cells at various levels in different histological classifications or tumor microenvironments, the inability to precisely set the number of hPD-L1 molecules on an SLB the same as those expressed on tumors may cause a discrepancy in which the majority of hPD-1 microclusters are inhibited to form by the addition of every ICI at concentrations of EC50. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.