The ADAR1-medited hyper editing activity estimated with the hyper editing level (see Materials and Methods section) resulted significantly lower in the KC group compared to the CT group (0.003 ± 0.0007‰ vs. 0.012 ± 0.003‰, P = 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test; Fig. 4A). This evidence concerns the gene ADAR and keratoconus.