To investigate the mechanism of fibrosis in cardiac damage, Masson’s trichrome staining (Fig. 6A,C), immunohistochemical staining (Fig. 6B,C), and western blotting (Fig. 6D,E) for TGF-β, collagen III, and Smad3 were performed.The TGF-β, collagen III, and Smad3 original gels are presented in Supplementary Fig. S6.  Masson’s trichrome staining showed that collagen deposition increased significantly in cardiac tissues, suggesting that hyperlipidemia induced fibrosis. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and hyperlipidemia.