LPA and hydrops fetalis: In this study, we used data from the UK Biobank study, a population-based prospective study of approximately 0.5 million participants from different regions across the United Kingdom to assess the associations of circulating Lp(a), Lp(a) polygenetic risk score (PRS), and FHx of CVD and their potential interplays with the incidence of HF and to evaluate the implication of these measures for risk categorization of HF beyond traditional risk factors.