CSPG4 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma: To prevent overfitting, lasso regression and multivariate COX regression analysis were performed on these genes, and nine core genes (CALR, CASP6, CCDC80, CSPG4, FASN, HMGA1, ITGA3, RAC3, RAD9A) were identified in BLCA, all of which were considered prognostic indicators (Table S4; Figures 3B, C).