IFNG and inflammatory bowel disease: Since tofacitinib was shown to reduce the IFN-γ levels of in vitro differentiated Th1 cells (Figure 1A), we were confident in administering it in vivo during ongoing IBD, either starting after the first (Tofa 1st) or second (Tofa 2nd) cycle of DSS induction ending up with two or three 5-day intervals of tofacitinib-enriched drinking water (Figure 2A).