Obviously, AOM/DSS-colitis mice that had not received, but also those that had received, early-onset tofacitinib treatment showed high EpCAM expression; whereas those that had received merely the late-onset tofacitinib treatment, i.e., after the second DSS cycle, showed normalized EpCAM expression levels compared with those of control mice (Figure 7B). Here, EPCAM is linked to colitis.