During atopic dermatitis, ClfB and particularly fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) not only mediate binding to skin cells but also react with IgE antibodies thereby triggering specific inflammatory and allergic immune responses (Cho et al., 2001; Reginald et al., 2011; Fleury et al., 2017; Farag et al., 2022). The gene discussed is IGHE; the disease is atopic eczema.