Astrocytes promote microglial activation through the production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), lipocalin-2 (Lcn2), and complement 3 (C3), as seen in models of stroke and epilepsy (Jha et al., 2019; Sanz and Garcia-Gimeno, 2020). The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is epilepsy.