On the other hand, prior research indicated that CTHRC1 enhanced cell adhesion, invasion, and metastasis but had no discernible impact on cell proliferation in gastric cancer (Ding et al., 2020), hepatocellular carcinoma (Chen et al., 2013), and pancreatic cancer (Park et al., 2013). Here, CTHRC1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.