FGFR2 and dysplasia: Multiple studies have focused on abnormal Fgfr2 mutations that are closely related to human craniosuture syndrome and bent bone dysplasia of long bones (Sargar et al., 2017), and several animal models have been established to explore the function of Fgfr2 in bone development (e.g. Fgfr2+/S252W; Fgfr2+/P253R; Fgfr2+/S252W; Fgfr2+/Y394C; Fgfr2IIIc+/C342Y, and Fgfr2IIIc-/-) (Eswarakumar et al., 2002; Percival et al., 2012; Motch Perrine et al., 2019; Hoshino et al., 2023).