Consistent with cancer studies in people (68), TP53 and relevant target genes (e.g., CDKN1A) known to be expressed in wild-type cells were found to be downregulated in FOSCC, while genes that would be expected to be upregulated in TP53 mutated cells (e.g., E2F1, MYBL2, and FOXM1) were enriched in FOSCC. Here, E2F1 is linked to cancer.