APOE and Parkinson disease: Recently, plasma, serum and CSF neuronal-enriched EVPs of patients with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, addiction, and glioblastoma were reported to exhibit modulated levels of phosphorylated (p) tau (Kapogiannis et al., 2019a; Palmqvist et al., 2020; Palmqvist et al., 2023), APoE4 (Palmqvist et al., 2023) and Aβ42 (Li et al., 2022; Palmqvist et al., 2023), α-synuclein (Niu et al., 2020), and multiple miRNAs/mRNAs (Lopez et al., 2017; Song et al., 2020) (A detailed list of brain-derived biomarkers is provided on Table 1).