The pathway and process enrichment analysis revealed that these CTGs were closely associated with cell proliferation and inflammation including interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling, AGE-RAGE signaling, cancer pathways, regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, regulation of cell secretion, and the inflammatory response (Figure 4A; Supplementary Table S2; Supplementary Excel File 3). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and cancer.