CD4 and HIV infectious disease: The main themes and subthemes that emerged from the scoping review were (1) duration of HIV infection, (1.1) duration of HIV infection and a low CD4 nadir, (2) use of older-generation ART, (2.1) adverse effects of ART in older people living with HIV, (3) presence of hypertension, (4) a high body mass index (BMI) among older people living with HIV and (5) a lack of knowledge on modifiable risks of Type 2 DM among older people living with HIV.