After correcting for differences in age and pre-pregnancy BMI, fasting Glu and Ins concentrations, HOMA-IR, TG, TG/HDL-C ratio, apoB/apoA1 ratio, MDA, TOS, and OSI were significantly higher, whereas LDL-C and apoA1 concentrations, weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age (days), and neonatal birth weight and height were significantly lower in the GDM group than in the control group. This evidence concerns the gene APOA1 and gestational diabetes.