Patients with infected AP had higher circulating unsaturated NEFAs; unbound NEFAs, including linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA); higher bacterial 16S DNA; mitochondrial DNA; altered β-diversity; enrichment in Pseudomonadales; and increased annexin V–positive myeloid (CD14) and CD3-positive T cells on admission. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA5 and alkaline phosphatase measurement.