CTSG and depressive symptom measurement: Functional connections with the habenula may account for the activation of the Cg and Rs. Although the Cg has been investigated as a potential predictive biomarker of treatment response in depression across diverse treatment modalities, including antidepressant medications, evidence-based psychotherapy, rTMS, and ECT (Ge et al., 2020), we did not observe any correlation of Cg activation level with antidepressant efficacy in the present study.