TF and hypogonadism: Other factors such as hypogonadism in adolescence (i.e., lowering in follicle-stimulating hormone), androgen binding protein, transferrin, and inhibin), reflux of toxic metabolites (e.g., cadmium accumulation), scrotal hyperthermia, and hypoxia all approve this theory that high testicular temperature, will destroy the spermatogenesis in cellular and molecular level and impair the testis and Leydig cell function (15).