For example, IL-6 levels increase markedly during acute bouts of exercise, enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and fat oxidation and promoting an antiinflammatory milieu (106, 114, 115); however, elevated basal (or resting) levels of IL-6 have been widely associated with an increased risk of incident CVD and T2D (116–118), and limited human data suggest that basal levels remain largely unchanged after regular exercise (119, 120). Here, IL6 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.