CSF1R and neoplasm: Withaferin A also decreased invasion and gene expression of extracellular matrix-degrading proteases, the pro-inflammatory mediators of the metastasis-promoting tumor microenvironment, such as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 (TNFSF12), interleukin-6 (IL-6), angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2), colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R), and also decreased the expression of cell adhesion proteins, integrins, and laminins, and further increased the expression of the breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene (BRMS1) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells [62].