P2RX7 and Gliosis: For example, some TSPO binding medications have been associated with reduction in oxidative stress and synaptic loss during gliosis in rodents; and P2X7 inhibitors reduce proliferation of microglia. However, it is acknowledged that the present study does not prove causality of symptoms from gliosis and that the influence of gliosis would ultimately be best determined in humans by the outcome of clinical interventions targeting gliosis.