MTOR and pemphigus foliaceus: Increasing evidence has shown that regulation of autophagy through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling contributes to the occurrence and pathological progression of diabetic nephropathy and PF (Li et al., 2016b; Lu et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2020a; Jia et al., 2022).