APP and Alzheimer disease: Rat tau protein more closely resembles human tau protein, and human amyloid precursor protein (APPsw) and progerin 1 (PS1ΔE9) mutant TgF344-AD rats phenotypically exhibit amyloid plaques, age-dependent cognitive deficits, amyloid-β oligomers, glial cell proliferation, and forebrain apoptotic neural loss typical of AD (Cohen et al., 2013).