XIAP and viral infectious disease: We observed that genes that belong to the apoptosis/p53 pathway (like ATM, XIAP and MDM4), or genes which belong to the NF-κB pathway (such as PLCG2 and CARD11) or finally genes within the RLR pathway (which culminates in IFN signaling in response to viral infection) were often found either edited or mutated (Figures 2B–2D).