Multiple prototype inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a), interleukins (IL-1b and IL-6), monocytic chemotactic protein (MCP-1), nuclear transcription factor (NFκB), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) were successively identified and used for unveiling immunopathological processes in sepsis (Ono et al., 2018; Hunt, 2019). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Sepsis.