ATP5F1E and tuberculosis: As Rv0678 mutations confer lower MIC values for BDQ than do atpE mutations in M. tuberculosis, and as Rv0678 mutations have been identified in drug-resistant isolates that were obtained prior to the introduction to BDQ or the use of CFZ for TB, an important question that needs to be answered is whether Rv0678 mutations appear as precursors to the high-level resistance that is caused by atpE mutations.