VCL and small cell lung carcinoma: Among the SCLC-selected vulnerabilities, along with ASCL1, we found several other NE lineage transcription factors (SOX11, FOXA2, NKX2-1) were more selectively essential for high-NE-score cell lines, whereas several genes involved in cell adhesion and motility (VCL, PXN, ACTR3, and RAC1) were found to be more selectively essential for low-NE-score cell lines; we also found genes frequently amplified in SCLC (IRS2, CCNE1, and NFIB; ref. 46) although these genes do not have gene effect scores significantly correlated with NE scores.