ZNF154 and neoplasm: Measurements of DNA methylation (M-values) of two CpG loci located within the ZNF154 promoter CpG island showed significantly increased DNA methylation in HNSCC tumours compared with matching non-tumour tissue from the same patient (cg08668790: 1.02 ± 0.92 (tumor) versus − 2.22 ± 0.90 (non-tumour) p < 0.001, and cg21790626: 0.38 ± 0.83 (tumour) versus − 4.18 ± 1.29 (non-tumour) p < 0.001) (Fig. 1B).