MAPT and Alzheimer disease: The two hallmarks of AD are the extracellular deposits of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain and the accumulation of tau protein tangles in neurons, which lead to neuronal cell loss and damage to the vascular system, causing reduced blood flow to the brain and consequential cognitive impairment (Lei et al., 2021; Gabarro-Solanas and Urban, 2023; Wiatrak et al., 2023).