Plant-based compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids have been reported to show promising in-vitro and in-vivo anti-obesity effects through a repertoire of mechanisms, namely, appetite suppression, triglyceride reduction, metabolic rate increase, pancreatic lipase inhibition, etc. Recently piperine, found in Piper species, has been reported to ameliorate obesity via the alteration of the gut microbiota (He et al., 2022a) as well as found to combat pancreatic β-Cell apoptosis in obese diabetic mice (He et al., 2022b). The gene discussed is PNLIP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.