CPT1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Elevated expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and glucose metabolism have also been observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, including PPARα, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A, an FAO rate-limiting enzyme), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), and cyclin D1 (Kurokawa et al., 2011).