Prominent mesial temporal lobe involvement: paraneoplastic and autoimmune limbic encephalitis, anti-VGKC complex encephalitis (e.g., anti-LGI-1, anti-CASPR2)Basal ganglia: Saint-Louis encephalitis virus, La Crosse virus, Murray Valley virus, acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (RANBP2 mutation)Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) images: symmetrical cortical and subcortical hyperintense signals on T2 and FLAIR-weighted images in the parieto-occipital lobes of both hemispheresStroke-like images: POLG1, MELAS. The gene discussed is CNTNAP2; the disease is viral encephalitis.