To study the role of cisplatin, C. nutans and the combination of cisplatin and C. nutans on gene regulation, we next investigated the expression of several genes associated with breast cancer stem cells (integrin alpha 6, ITGA6, CD49f), metastatic markers (Kruppel-like Factor 4, KLF4), and differentiation markers (cytokeratin-18, KRT18; Tubulin alpha 1A, TUBA1A) (Figure 6). The gene discussed is TUBA1A; the disease is breast carcinoma.