CD4 and lymphedema: ,46 We examined the inflammatory cytokine production in CD4+ T cells between lymphedema and post-LVA and found that IFN-γ in CD4+PD-1+ T cells and IL-17A in CD4+ T cells were downregulated post-LVA compared with that in lymphedema, while IL-4 in CD4+ T cells was not significantly different.