A one-unit increment of GNRI was remarkably associated with a lower risk of clinical outcomes after potential confounding factor adjustment (all p ≤ 0.001, Table 3), and these covariates (including age, gender, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, hypertension, diabetes, CHD, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, malignancy, sepsis, WBC, hemoglobin, BUN, SCr, sodium, potassium, anion gap, bicarbonate, alanine aminotransferase, AST, SOFA score, CCI, ICU types, CRRT, and ventilation) were significant in the univariable Cox regression analyses (Supplementary Table 1). Here, GPT is linked to hypertensive disorder.