APOE and sarcopenia: For both sexes, participants with sarcopenia had a marginally higher significant chance of memory function decline (OR = 1.80, 95% CI [0.97–3.36]) compared with the reference group without sarcopenia after adjusting for covariates, including APOE 4 gene, age, education, family income, physical activity, current marital status, alcohol consumption, smoking, and medical history.