PARP1 is the first identified and the classical PARP member that is activated by abnormal DNA or RNA breaks and mediates approximately 90% of total cellular PARP responses.482 PARP1 participates in atherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol efflux, inflammation, endothelial cell dysfunction, foam cell death, and cellular energy crisis. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is atherosclerosis.