For instance, TRIM13 attenuates DN-induced collagen synthesis by promoting the ubiquitination of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).231 TRIM32 inhibition increased PI3K-AKT-FOXO signaling in the liver and skeletal muscle and enhanced glucose uptake.232 Mitsugumin 53/ TRIM72 promotes ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1, resulting in T2DM.46 E3 ubiquitin ligase F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBW7) boosted EZH2 ubiquitination and proteasome degradation to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Here, DDIT3 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.