CBS and atherosclerosis: These increased NRF2-related antioxidant actions ameliorated the subsequent diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis.479 Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) are two enzymes associated with the biosynthesis of H2S. Ox-LDL downregulates CSE/ H2S signaling and activates inflammation via the NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages.480 Treatment with an H2S donor was found to cause CSE thiolation (C252, C255, C307, C310), boost its linkage to L-homocysteine, and alleviate hyperhomocysteinemia-related atherosclerosis in mice.127